Transwiki:Estonian/Plural
In this lesson we'll learn about the Plural quantity, the Null subject and impersonal verbs.
Plural 編集
English | Nominative s. | Genitive s. | Accusative s. | Nominative pl. | Genitive pl. | Accusative pl. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
this | see | selle | seda | need | nende | neid | |
cat | kass | kassi | .kassi | kassid | kasside | .kasse .kassisid | |
dog | koer | koera | .koera | koerad | koerade koerte |
.koeri .koerasid | |
newspaper | ajaleht | ajalehe | aja.lehte | ajalehed | aja.lehtede | aja.lehti aja.lehtesid | |
cup | tass | tassi | .tassi | tassid | tasside | .tasse .tassisid | |
mug | kruus | kruusi | .kruusi | kruusid | kruuside | .kruuse .kruusisid | |
Adjectives | |||||||
big | suur | suure | suurt | suured | suurte | .suuri .suuresid | |
small | väike | väikse väikese |
väikest väikset |
väikesed väiksed |
väikeste väiksete |
väikseid väikeseid | |
heavy difficult |
raske | raske | rasket | rasked | raskete | raskeid | |
light easy |
kerge | kerge | kerget | kerged | kergete | kergeid | |
enough sufficient |
.piisav | .piisava | .piisavat | .piisavad | .piisavate | .piisavaid |
Plural direct object 編集
In Partitive we learned that there are some verbs that distinguish between partial and whole direct objects like "võtma" - to take. In the whole case, these verbs took the Genitive instead of the Accusative. With plural direct objects, they will instead take the Nominative:
- Verb with distinction: Whole: ta võtab kruusi - ta võtab kruusid. Partitive: ta võtab .kruuse
- Verb without distinction: Whole: ta tahab seda - ta tahab neid. Partitive: ta tahab neid
Nouns 編集
- raha (uncountable) - money
- töö - job, work
Adverbs 編集
- ka - also, as well
- samuti - synonym of ka
- väga - very
- .liiga - too, excessively
- palju - many
- vähe - little, too little
- pisut - little
- veidi - synonym of pisut
- .liiga vähe - too little
- .liiga pisut - synonym of liiga vähe, but adopted from western European languages and might sound slightly foreign
- .piisavalt/.piisavasti - enough-adverbial. This is available in the two common adverb endings -lt and -sti
Verbs 編集
- hoidma - hoia - to hold
- leidma - leia - to find
- üles leidma/leidma üles - üles leia/leia üles - whole of "leidma". "Üles" here is similar to "ära" in Partitive
- otsima - otsi - to look for/to search
- andma - anna - to give
Phrases 編集
Ta otsib .kruuse Translation
He is looking for mugs
Translation
There are too many dogs here
Translation
He gives enough money
Translation
You do this too little
Translation
I know that this newspaper is very big
Translation
His/Her dog is too small too
Even his/her dog is too small Translation
I must find every cup
Translation
Is there enough of this?
Translation
He does a very simple job
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